Pressure oxidation - Wikipedia
Pressure Oxidation is a process for extracting gold from refractory ore. The most common refractory ores are pyrite and arsenopyrite, which are sulfide ores that trap the gold within them. Refractory ores require pre-treatment before the gold can be adequately extracted.
Pressure Oxidation - calderaengineering.com
Pressure Oxidation (POX) is a process used to extract gold, copper, zinc, molybdenum, and uranium from refractory ore bodies. The POX process utilizes elevated temperatures (roughly 230 degrees Celsius), elevated pressures (roughly 35 bar or 510 psi), and oxygen to liberate the minerals from refractory …
Pressure Oxidation Process - Outotec
Outotec® Pressure Oxidation Process Get a comprehensive solution for refractory gold sulfide oxidation from one reliable supplier. The Outotec pressure oxidation process solution offers a sustainable and economical process in a complete pressure oxidation plant with a high level of automation and process control.
PRESSURE OXIDATION OF REFRACTORY GOLD ORES: THE …
Pressure Oxidation Pressure oxidation is employed to liberate gold and silver in refractory sulfide concentrates often and ores. The main pressure oxidation products from iron sulfide minerals are sulfuric acid (and metal sulfates) and hematite. Depending on the conditions within the autoclave, acid containing iron compounds can be formed.
High Pressure Acid Leach & Pressure Oxidation
High Pressure Acid Leach (HPAL) and Pressure Oxidation (POX) testing services provide a unique opportunity to evaluate and optimise the most economically viable process routes for the recovery of most metals such as nickel from lateritic ores and gold from refractory ores. HPAL and POX are commercially proven and tested extraction
Pressure Oxidation | Mining | SGS
Pressure oxidation (POX), high pressure oxidation (HiPOX) and ACTIVOX autoclave leaching are viable industry-standard technologies used to recover gold and other accessory metals. The process is particularly well suited for treating refractory gold ores, which …
Basic Iron Sulphate in Pressure Oxidation Processing
ions. This results in very high cyanide consumption as well as other operating and environmental problems associated with high levels of thiocyanate. Typical autoclave operating conditions for a refractory gold process are a . temperature of 190 to 230OC, and an oxygen over-pressure of 350 to 700 kPa (50 to 100 psi). The oxidation of
Pressure oxidation of pyrite-arsenopyrite refractory gold ...
The refractory ore must be destroyed or attacked by stone means with the use of oxidative processes, such as oxidation by roasting [2], pressure oxidation [3], bio-oxidation [4], and ultrafine ...
Oxidation of refractory metals in air and low pressure ...
1. Introduction. The oxidation behavior of refractory metals has been the subject of numerous past studies and reviews , , , , , , , , , , .In air at pressures near 2100 Pa (1 atm), scale formation occurs resulting in negligible oxidation rates below 200°C and slow parabolic rates at 300–400°C.
Pressure oxidation leaching of chalcopyrite. Part I ...
1. Introduction. High temperature (200–230 °C) acid pressure oxidation leaching of metal sulfides was first commercialized in the 1950s. However, the more recent commercial success of medium temperature pressure oxidation of zinc sulfide concentrates and high temperature pressure oxidation of refractory gold ores and concentrates has contributed to renewed interest in the total oxidative ...
Thermochemistry and the Oxidation of Refractory Metals at ...
Jan 01, 1970 · Abstract. Recent developments in the thermochemical data for the condensed oxide phases and volatile oxide species for the refractory metals has made possible an analysis of the several types of high temperature oxidation processes.
Titanium Internals in Refractory Lined Pressure Oxidation ...
constructed from refractory stone which is integral with the stone lining that protects the pressure boundary from high temperature, corrosion and abrasion. Subjected to static and dynamic fluid loads, as well as large ... Titanium Internals in Refractory Lined Pressure Oxidation
Gold extraction - Wikipedia
Pressure oxidation; Albion process; The refractory ore treatment processes may be preceded by concentration (usually sulfide flotation). Roasting is used to oxidize both the sulfur and organic carbon at high temperatures using air and/or oxygen. Bio-oxidation involves the use of bacteria that promote oxidation reactions in an aqueous environment.
Pressure oxidation of double refractory gold concentrates
The pilot tests results of double refractory concentrates pressure oxidation were introduced. The pressure oxidation approach that allows obtaining high gold recovery from double refractory ...
「high pressure o idation of refractory gold minerals」
High Pressure Acid Leach (HPAL) and Pressure Oxidation (POX) testing services provide a unique opportunity to evaluate and optimise the most economically viable process routes for the recovery of most metals such as nickel from lateritic ores and gold from refractory ores.
Process Development - Sherritt International - Operations
High pressure acid leaching (HPAL) of nickel laterite Hydrogen reduction for the recovery of nickel and cobalt and for the production of specialty metal powders Pressure oxidation of refractory gold ores and concentrates Leaching of nickel-copper matte, including the …
Refractory Gold Processes - Mineral Processing & Metallurgy
Your gold concentrate will afterwards undergo ultrafine grind and go for the cheapest oxidation there is ie: Atmospheric or Low Pressure Oxidation before going to classic CIL. This last more costly option is commonly known as POX or High Pressure Oxidation for the most difficult refractory gold ores.
Developments in the pretreatment of refractory gold ...
processing refractory gold ores, include the high-pressure (Hu Long and David, 2007), the atmospheric-pressure ... Li, D., 2003b). High-pressure oxidation of HGC by nitric acid Nitric acid oxidation of pyrite in the high-pressure process is simple and occurs as described by Equations [1–4]. The chemistry for any sulphide mineral is similar.